Highlights A double-battery configuration method is proposed for EBs in cold regions. An integer programming model is established to optimize the scheduling plans. Numerical tests are conducted by taking bus routes in 11 cold cities as examples. Average annual operating costs and carbon emissions of the fleet can be reduced.
Abstract Managing the energy supply of electric buses (EBs) is critical to balance operational reliability and cost reduction. However, ambient temperature significantly affects energy consumption, posing challenges in providing adequate energy supply, especially in cold regions. In this study, we propose a double-battery configuration approach for EBs operating in cold regions with substantial temperature variations between seasons. The method involves utilizing a higher-capacity battery during winter months and a lower-capacity battery for summer operations. To determine the optimal fleet size, battery capacities, and EB scheduling plans in both winter and summer seasons, we formulate an integer programming model, focusing on minimizing the fleet's average annual operating costs (OC) and carbon emissions (CE). The model is solved using the branch and bound method. A case study is conducted, examining EB routes in 11 cold cities. Results reveal that the double-battery configuration method effectively reduces the fleet's average annual OC and CE. Specifically, the reduction ratio range for OC is from 3.34% to 5.18%, while the reduction ratio for CE ranges from 4.06% to 5.16%.
Double-battery configuration method for electric bus operation in cold regions
2023-11-13
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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Europäisches Patentamt | 2020
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