Time and energy managed operations is a new integrated planning and guidance concept that optimizes the vertical aircraft trajectory to achieve a continuous engine-idle descent while satisfying time constraints. To investigate acceptance of the concept and the influence of pilot involvement on performance, time and energy managed operations were evaluated in a real-time simulation involving nine airline pilots. Three human–machine interface variants were tested; these varied in the level of information presented. The results were compared to computer simulations with a zero-delay pilot response model, to evaluate the effect of pilot reaction time variation on performance and environmental impact. Results indicated that the effects of pilot response delays are limited. Pilots preferred the human–machine interface variant that included a timer to support accurate selection of flaps and gear. Although the timer did not significantly affect system performance, it did reduce variation in the pilot response. Results further indicated that modifications to the time and energy managed operations concept are possible to further improve time performance.


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    Titel :

    Time and Energy Management During Approach: A Human-in-the-Loop Study


    Beteiligte:
    de Jong, P. M. A. (Autor:in) / Bussink, F. J. L. (Autor:in) / Verhoeven, R. P. M. (Autor:in) / de Gelder, N. (Autor:in) / van Paassen, M. M. (Autor:in) / Mulder, M. (Autor:in)

    Erschienen in:

    Journal of Aircraft ; 54 , 1 ; 177-189


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2016-06-20


    Format / Umfang :

    13 pages




    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)


    Format :

    Elektronische Ressource


    Sprache :

    Englisch







    Time and Energy Management During Descent and Approach: Batch Simulation Study

    de Jong, P. M. A. / de Gelder, N. / Verhoeven, R. P. M. et al. | AIAA | 2014


    Optimization of the vertical trajectory through Time and Energy management: A Human-in-the-Loop Study

    Bussink, Frank / Verhoeven, Ronald / Marsman, Adri et al. | AIAA | 2016